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Tuesday, July 3, 2012

Facebook fallout chills IPO market

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Source: http://news.yahoo.com/facebook-fallout-chills-ipo-market-131834661--sector.html

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New Mayan text confirms December 2012 end for calendar (+video)

Researchers say that a newly discovered Mayan text confirms that December 21, 2012 was an important date for the classic Mesoamerican civilization. But they find no mention of any kind of doomsday.

By Stephanie Pappas,?LiveScience Senior Writer / June 29, 2012

A detailed look at the carvings on Block 5, found at La Corona in Guatemala. The carvings tell a political history of the city and its allies and enemies.

David Stuart

Enlarge

A newly discovered Mayan text reveals the "end date" for the Mayan calendar, becoming only the second known document to do so. But unlike some modern people, ancient Maya did not expect the world to end on that date, researchers said.

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'; } else if (google_ads.length > 1) { ad_unit += ''; } } document.getElementById("ad_unit").innerHTML += ad_unit; google_adnum += google_ads.length; return; } var google_adnum = 0; google_ad_client = "pub-6743622525202572"; google_ad_output = 'js'; google_max_num_ads = '1'; google_feedback = "on"; google_ad_type = "text"; google_adtest = "off"; google_image_size = '230x105'; google_skip = '0'; // --> In one of the most significant hieroglyphic discoveries in decades, archeologists at the La Corona archeological site in Guatemala announced they had unearthed 1,300-year-old-panels containing the second known reference to the 'end date' of the Mayan calendar.

"This text talks about ancient political history rather than prophecy," Marcello Canuto, the director of Tulane University Middle America Research Institute, said in a statement. "This new evidence suggests that the 13 bak'tun date was an important calendrical event that would have been celebrated by the ancient Maya; however, they make no apocalyptic prophecies whatsoever regarding the date."

The Mayan Long Count calendar is divided into bak'tuns, or 144,000-day cycles that begin at the Maya creation date. The winter solstice of 2012 (Dec. 21) is the last day of the 13th bak'tun, marking what the Maya people would have seen as a full cycle of creation.

New Age believers and doomsday types have attributed great meaning to the Dec. 21, 2012 date, with some predicting an apocalypse and others some sort of profound global spiritual event. But only one archaeological reference to the 2012 date had ever been found, as an inscription on a monument dating back to around A.D. 669 in Tortuguero, Mexico. [End of the World? Top Doomsday Fears]

Now, researchers exploring the Mayan ruins of La Corona in Guatemala have unearthed a second reference. On a stairway block carved with hieroglyphs, archaeologists found a commemoration of a visit by Yuknoom Yich'aak K'ahk' of Calakmul, the most powerful Mayan ruler in his day. The king, also known as Jaguar Paw, suffered a terrible defeat in battle by the Kingdom of Tikal in 695.

Historians have long assumed that Jaguar Paw died or was captured in this battle. But the carvings proved them wrong. In fact, the king visited La Corona in A.D. 696, probably trying to shore up loyalty among his subjects in the wake of his defeat four years earlier. [See images of the carvings]

Source: http://rss.csmonitor.com/~r/feeds/science/~3/hA6X29BPeEA/New-Mayan-text-confirms-December-2012-end-for-calendar-video

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Monday, July 2, 2012

Crowley: Voters might be higher power than high court (CNN)

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Space Station Astronauts Return to Earth Aboard Soyuz Capsule

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/space-station-astronauts-return-earth-aboard-soyuz-capsule-082045614.html

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Talking About the Past in the Present Tense

Do you ever catch yourself talking about past events in the present tense? Linguists call it the ?historical present,? and although it may sound like a verbal tic?or, less generously, an affectation?it?s actually an organic part of the way we tell tales. Dickens knew it. Charlotte Bront? mastered it. And Seinfeld staffer Larry Charles wrote what may be the most textbookexample of it. Listen as Bob Garfield and I discuss the much-maligned, oft-abused narrative technique that, when used judiciously, adds oomph to our stories.

Source: http://feeds.slate.com/click.phdo?i=e3f17abef288d71399a7426dcd9f997a

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Rusty memories rejuvenated in elderly mice

Forgetfulness that accompanies the march of time may be reversible ? in mice at least. Elderly mice have had their faltering memories restored after receiving extra amounts of an enzyme that switches genes on or off in the brain.

"We found they performed just like young animals," says Hilmar Bading of the University of Heidelberg in Germany.

He and his colleagues injected a virus directly into the brain's hippocampus ? an area responsible for memory. The virus contained extra copies of a gene that makes an enzyme called DNA methyltransferase (Dnmt3a2). This enzyme alters gene activity through methylation, the addition of chemical methyl groups to DNA.

The team then gave the mice a series of memory tasks. They were presented with a pair of objects, then a day later they were presented with the same set-up but with one object moved to a new position. Because young mice remember the original positions of the objects, they spent more time investigating the one that had been moved. Elderly mice generally spent the same amount of time on each.

When elderly mice were given the virus, they matched the young mice in the task, spending 70 per cent of their time investigating the moved object.

When the researchers used similar techniques to halve the amount of Dnmt3a2 that young mice produce, their performance deteriorated to that of non-treated elderly mice. "Clearly, if you have too little of the enzyme, your memory works less well," says Bading.

As yet, there is no drug that could boost levels of Dnmt3a2 in the human brain, but Bading says that more of it gets made naturally when the brain is active.

So while his team intend to investigate possible memory-enhancing treatments, his advice to people as they age is to keep their brains and bodies as active as possible.

Journal reference: Nature Neuroscience, DOI: 10.1038/nn.3151

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Source: http://feeds.newscientist.com/c/749/f/10897/s/20e621f9/l/0L0Snewscientist0N0Carticle0Cdn219980Erusty0Ememories0Erejuvenated0Ein0Eelderly0Emice0Bhtml0DDCMP0FOTC0Erss0Gnsref0Fonline0Enews/story01.htm

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Sunday, July 1, 2012

Clothing the body electric: Cotton T-shirt fabric can store electricity, maybe keep your cell phone charged

ScienceDaily (June 29, 2012) ? Over the years, the telephone has gone mobile, from the house to the car to the pocket. The University of South Carolina's Xiaodong Li envisions even further integration of the cell phone -- and just about every electronic gadget, for that matter -- into our lives.

He sees a future where electronics are part of our wardrobe.

"We wear fabric every day," said Li, a professor of mechanical engineering at USC. "One day our cotton T-shirts could have more functions; for example, a flexible energy storage device that could charge your cell phone or your iPad."

Li is helping make the vision a reality. He and post-doctoral associate Lihong Bao have just reported in the journal Advanced Materials how to turn the material in a cotton T-shirt into a source of electrical power.

Starting with a T-shirt from a local discount store, Li's team soaked it in a solution of fluoride, dried it and baked it at high temperature. They excluded oxygen in the oven to prevent the material from charring or simply combusting.

The surfaces of the resulting fibers in the fabric were shown by infrared spectroscopy to have been converted from cellulose to activated carbon. Yet the material retained flexibility; it could be folded without breaking.

"We will soon see roll-up cell phones and laptop computers on the market," Li said. "But a flexible energy storage device is needed to make this possible."

The once-cotton T-shirt proved to be a repository for electricity. By using small swatches of the fabric as an electrode, the researchers showed that the flexible material, which Li's team terms activated carbon textile, acts as a capacitor. Capacitors are components of nearly every electronic device on the market, and they have the ability to store electrical charge.

Moreover, Li reports that activated carbon textile acts like double-layer capacitors, which are also called a supercapacitors because they can have particularly high energy storage densities.

But Li and Bao took the material even further than that. They then coated the individual fibers in the activated carbon textile with "nanoflowers" of manganese oxide. Just a nanometer thick, this layer of manganese oxide greatly enhanced the electrode performance of the fabric. "This created a stable, high-performing supercapacitor," said Li.

This hybrid fabric, in which the activated carbon textile fibers are coated with nanostructured manganese oxide, improved the energy storage capability beyond the activated carbon textile alone. The hybrid supercapacitors were resilient: even after thousands of charge-discharge cycles, performance didn't diminish more than 5 percent.

"By stacking these supercapacitors up, we should be able to charge portable electronic devices such as cell phones," Li said.

Li is particularly pleased to have improved on the means by which activated carbon fibers are usually obtained. "Previous methods used oil or environmentally unfriendly chemicals as starting materials," he said. "Those processes are complicated and produce harmful side products. Our method is a very inexpensive, green process."

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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by University of South Carolina. The original article was written by Steven Powell.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.

Journal Reference:

Lihong Bao, Xiaodong Li. Towards Textile Energy Storage from Cotton T-Shirts. Advanced Materials, 2012; 24 (24): 3246 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201200246

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120629211540.htm

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